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The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 required that


A) state banks be subject to the same regulations as national banks.
B) national banks establish branches in the cities containing Federal Reserve banks.
C) national banks join the Federal Reserve System.
D) state banks could not join the Federal Reserve System.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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The U.S.banking system is considered to be a dual system because


A) banks offer both checking and savings accounts.
B) it actually includes both banks and thrift institutions.
C) it is regulated by both state and federal governments.
D) it was established before the Civil War,requiring separate regulatory bodies for the North and South.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Bank consolidation will likely result in


A) less competition.
B) the elimination of community banks.
C) increased competition.
D) a shift in assets from larger banks to smaller banks.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Since 1974,commercial banks importance as a source of funds for nonfinancial borrowers


A) has shrunk dramatically,from around 40 percent of total credit advanced to around 25 percent by 2014.
B) has shrunk dramatically,from around 70 percent of total credit advanced to below 50 percent by 2014.
C) has expanded dramatically,from around 50 percent of total credit advanced to above 70 percent by 2014.
D) has expanded dramatically,from around 30 percent of total credit advanced to above 50 percent by 2014.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Because of securitization,a new class of residential mortgages offered to borrowers with less-than-stellar credit records developed.These mortgages are known as


A) risk-enhanced mortgages.
B) subprime mortgages.
C) bundled mortgages.
D) adjustable-rate mortgages.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Although the National Bank Act of 1863 was designed to eliminate state-chartered banks by imposing a prohibitive tax on banknotes,state banks were able to stay in business by


A) issuing credit cards.
B) ignoring the regulations.
C) acquiring funds through deposits.
D) branching into other states.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act states retain regulatory authority over


A) bank holding companies.
B) securities activities.
C) insurance activities.
D) bank subsidiaries engaged in securities underwriting.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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An essential characteristic of credit unions is that


A) they are typically large.
B) branching across state lines is prohibited.
C) their lending is primarily for mortgage loans.
D) they are organized for individuals with a common bond.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act the oversight of the securities activities of bank holding companies belongs to


A) the SEC.
B) the Comptroller of the Currency.
C) the U.S.Treasury.
D) the Federal Reserve.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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The experience of disintermediation in the banking industry illustrates that


A) more regulation of financial markets may avoid such problems in the future.
B) banks are unable to remain competitive with other financial intermediaries.
C) consumers no longer desire the services that banks provide.
D) markets invent alternatives to costly regulations.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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If a foreign bank operates a subsidiary bank in the U.S.,the subsidiary bank is


A) subject to the same regulations as a U.S.owned bank.
B) only subject to the regulations of the country in which the foreign bank is chartered.
C) restricted to making loans to only foreign citizens in the U.S.
D) restricted to accepting deposits from foreign citizens living in the U.S.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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The McFadden Act of 1927


A) effectively prohibited banks from branching across state lines.
B) required that banks maintain bank capital equal to at least 6 percent of their assets.
C) effectively required that banks maintain a correspondent relationship with large money center banks.
D) separated the commercial banks and investment banks.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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A major controversy involving the banking industry in its early years was


A) whether banks should both accept deposits and make loans or whether these functions should be separated into different institutions.
B) whether the federal government or the states should charter banks.
C) what percent of deposits banks should hold as fractional reserves.
D) whether banks should be allowed to issue their own bank notes.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Deposits in European banks denominated in dollars for the purpose of international transactions are known as


A) Eurodollars.
B) European Currency Units.
C) European Monetary Units.
D) International Monetary Units.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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________ of a foreign bank operates in the U.S.but cannot accept deposits from domestic residents.


A) An agency office
B) A universal corporation
C) A McFadden corporation
D) A Basel branch

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Discuss three ways in which U.S.banks can become involved in international banking.

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United States banks could open a foreign...

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According to Edward Kane,because the banking industry is one of the most ________ industries in America,it is an industry in which ________ is especially likely to occur.


A) competitive;loophole mining
B) competitive;innovation
C) regulated;loophole mining
D) regulated;innovation

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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The most important developments that reduced banks cost advantages include


A) the growth of the junk bond market.
B) the competition from money market mutual funds.
C) the growth of securitization.
D) the growth in the commercial paper market.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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State banking authorities have sole jurisdiction over state banks


A) without FDIC insurance.
B) that are not members of the Federal Reserve System.
C) operating as bank holding companies.
D) chartered in the 21st century.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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With the creation of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation,member banks of the Federal Reserve System ________ to purchase FDIC insurance for their depositors,while non-member commercial banks ________ to buy deposit insurance.


A) could choose;were required
B) could choose;were given the option
C) were required,could choose
D) were required;were required

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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