Question 1

In vertebrates,substances from the blood can access the central nervous system by

Accepted Answer

A)  gap junctions.
B)  pinocytosis.
C)  catalyzed transport.
D)  all of the aboveE) A) and B)
F) A) and C) C

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true about learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  It refers to the retention and retrieval of stored information.
B)  It occurs only in vertebrates.
C)  It normally represents a permanent change.
D)  It occurs as the result of nervous system plasticity.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 3

In its protective role,the blood-brain barrier becomes an obstacle in delivering therapeutic drugs to specific regions of the brain in the treatment of a variety of brain disorders.Describe what the blood-brain barrier is made of,and how different compounds are capable of crossing it.

Accepted Answer

The blood brain barrier is formed by tight junctions between the endothelial cells lining the brain capillaries.It prevents materials from leaking out of the bloodstrea and into the central nervous system.These cells do not perform pinocytosis.Despite the tight junctions,there are still ways that compounds can cross the blood-brain barrier,including:
1.Dissolving in the membrane.Small lipid-soluble molecules such as ethanol and some barbiturate drugs can cross directly into the central nervous system.
2.Catalyzed transport mechanisms (protein exchanger,channel,pump)allow the brain to take up circulating nutrients such as glucose and amino acids.
3.In some areas of the brain,the blood-brain barrier is more permeable.In particular,the regions around the pineal gland,the pituitary gland,and parts of the hypothalamus are quite permeable,allowing secreted molecules such as hormones to leave the brain and enter the circulatory system.

Question 4

__________ is the evolutionary trend that describes the concentration of nervous tissue and sense organs at one end of the body.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ is the evolutionary trend that describes...

Question 5

What receptors do the neurosecretory chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla express?

Accepted Answer

A)  adrenergic
B)  muscarinic cholinergic
C)  nicotinic cholinergic
D)  glutamatergicE) A) and B)
F) All of the above C

Question 6

Split-brain syndrome follows from severing the __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Split-brain syndrome follows from severing the __________....

Question 7

In the vertebrate spinal cord,the dorsal horn is associated with __________ neurons,and the ventral horn is associated with __________ neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  motor;sensory
B)  inter;sensory
C)  afferent;efferent
D)  spinal;cranialE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 8

The autonomic nervous system can be differentiated into three branches.Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Accepted Answer

A)  enteric
B)  sympathetic
C)  parasympathetic
D)  limbicE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

The following structures of the mammalian nervous system,from posterior to anterior,are laid out in the following order:

Accepted Answer

A)  spinal cord,medulla oblongata,pons,cerebellum.
B)  spinal cord,pons,cerebellum,medulla oblongata.
C)  medulla oblongata,spinal cord,cerebellum,pons.
D)  pons,cerebellum,spinal cord,medulla oblongata.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

In the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems,the preganglionic neuron releases the neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine.
B)  nicotine.
C)  glycine.
D)  epinephrine.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 11

The hippocampus is important for the

Accepted Answer

A)  formation of long-term memories.
B)  regulation of body temperature.
C)  Integration of sensory information.
D)  maintenance of body posture.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 12

The mammalian cerebral hemispheres are connected by a mass of white matter called the __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The mammalian cerebral hemispheres are connected by...

Question 13

The __________ nervous system is sometimes referred to as the "fight or flight" nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)  autonomic
B)  somatic
C)  parasympathetic
D)  sympatheticE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following structures is NOT included in the limbic system?

Accepted Answer

A)  amygdala
B)  hypothalamus
C)  olfactory bulb
D)  cerebellumE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

In a newly discovered vertebrate,the area in the somatosensory cortex devoted to body part A is larger than the area devoted to body part B.This means that body part A

Accepted Answer

A)  is bigger than body part B.
B)  has more sensory neurons.
C)  is evolutionarily older.
D)  has more motor control.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Relative to other major groups of vertebrates,mammals and birds both have an enlarged

Accepted Answer

A)  forebrain.
B)  midbrain.
C)  hindbrain.
D)  dorsoventricular ridge.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

The basic mechanism for short-term sensitization begins with

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased neurotransmitter release.
B)  increased presynaptic calcium.
C)  increased expression of CREB-1.
D)  increased potassium conductance.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

The only organ controlled by efferent motor neurons is __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The only organ controlled by efferent motor...

Question 19

Central pattern generators do NOT control

Accepted Answer

A)  rhythmic behaviors.
B)  motor pathways.
C)  reflex arcs.
D)  locomotion.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Succinctly explain how ocean acidification can affect the behavior of fish,such as the orange clownfish (Amphiprion percula).

Accepted Answer

Clownfish live on coral reefs in close a...

Exam 8: Functional Organization of Nervous Systems

In vertebrates,substances from the blood can access the central nervous system by

Correct Answer
verified
C

Which of the following statements is true about learning?

Correct Answer
verified

In its protective role,the blood-brain barrier becomes an obstacle in delivering therapeutic drugs to specific regions of the brain in the treatment of a variety of brain disorders.Describe what the blood-brain barrier is made of,and how different compounds are capable of crossing it.

__________ is the evolutionary trend that describes the concentration of nervous tissue and sense organs at one end of the body.

Correct Answer
verified

What receptors do the neurosecretory chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla express?

Correct Answer
verified
C

Split-brain syndrome follows from severing the __________.

Correct Answer
verified

In the vertebrate spinal cord,the dorsal horn is associated with neurons,and the ventral horn is associated with neurons.

Correct Answer
verified

The autonomic nervous system can be differentiated into three branches.Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Correct Answer
verified

The following structures of the mammalian nervous system,from posterior to anterior,are laid out in the following order:

Correct Answer
verified

In the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems,the preganglionic neuron releases the neurotransmitter

Correct Answer
verified

The hippocampus is important for the

Correct Answer
verified

The mammalian cerebral hemispheres are connected by a mass of white matter called the __________.

Correct Answer
verified

The __________ nervous system is sometimes referred to as the "fight or flight" nervous system.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following structures is NOT included in the limbic system?

Correct Answer
verified

In a newly discovered vertebrate,the area in the somatosensory cortex devoted to body part A is larger than the area devoted to body part B.This means that body part A

Correct Answer
verified

Relative to other major groups of vertebrates,mammals and birds both have an enlarged

Correct Answer
verified

The basic mechanism for short-term sensitization begins with

Correct Answer
verified

The only organ controlled by efferent motor neurons is __________.

Correct Answer
verified

Central pattern generators do NOT control

Correct Answer
verified

Succinctly explain how ocean acidification can affect the behavior of fish,such as the orange clownfish (Amphiprion percula).

Correct Answer
verified
Clownfish live on coral reefs in close a...
View Answer

Exam 8: Functional Organization of Nervous Systems

In vertebrates,substances from the blood can access the central nervous system by

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which of the following statements is true about learning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In its protective role,the blood-brain barrier becomes an obstacle in delivering therapeutic drugs to specific regions of the brain in the treatment of a variety of brain disorders.Describe what the blood-brain barrier is made of,and how different compounds are capable of crossing it.

__________ is the evolutionary trend that describes the concentration of nervous tissue and sense organs at one end of the body.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What receptors do the neurosecretory chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla express?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Split-brain syndrome follows from severing the __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the vertebrate spinal cord,the dorsal horn is associated with __________ neurons,and the ventral horn is associated with __________ neurons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The autonomic nervous system can be differentiated into three branches.Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The following structures of the mammalian nervous system,from posterior to anterior,are laid out in the following order:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems,the preganglionic neuron releases the neurotransmitter

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hippocampus is important for the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mammalian cerebral hemispheres are connected by a mass of white matter called the __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The __________ nervous system is sometimes referred to as the "fight or flight" nervous system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following structures is NOT included in the limbic system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a newly discovered vertebrate,the area in the somatosensory cortex devoted to body part A is larger than the area devoted to body part B.This means that body part A

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Relative to other major groups of vertebrates,mammals and birds both have an enlarged

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The basic mechanism for short-term sensitization begins with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The only organ controlled by efferent motor neurons is __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Central pattern generators do NOT control

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Succinctly explain how ocean acidification can affect the behavior of fish,such as the orange clownfish (Amphiprion percula).

Correct AnswerverifiedClownfish live on coral reefs in close a...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
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C

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C

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In the vertebrate spinal cord,the dorsal horn is associated with neurons,and the ventral horn is associated with neurons.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Clownfish live on coral reefs in close a...
View Answer